2021-04-25
Published Date
Consumer Discretionary
Industry
118
Pages
The global Facial & Body Care market is growing with significant growth from last couple of years and in the year 2020, the market of Facial & Body Care was valued at USD XX Million and is expected to reach USD XXX million by the end of the year 2027. ,
The report is designed to offer very important and crucial information about the Facial & Body Care market and industry. For the purpose of this study, the market of Facial & Body Care has been segmented into type, application, regions and countries. Each segment of the report will provide a detailed analysis of the market and in terms of quantitative information, the report will offer market revenue (USD Million), market share in %, market CAGR from 2021 to 2027.
The report also provides a detailed qualitative analysis of the Facial & Body Care market which includes Market Drivers to explain the driving factors of the market and demand, Market Challenges to explain the restraints of the market and growth and Market Opportunities to explain the upcoming trends and opportunities left for the newcomers of the market and where can the existing companies focus in order to gain competitive advantage. The Facial & Body Care report also provides a detailed Porter's Five Forces, Micro and Macro Economic analysis which can help the readers and the users of the report to understand and draw a sound business decision.
The readers of the report will have a deep , insightful analysis that will help in understanding the market size, market share, CAGR, country specific analysis and market share for Facial & Body Care market.
Market Segmentation
One of the very important chapter of Facial & Body Care market report is competitive analysis. In this chapter, we have presented a detailed overview of the competition and have provided the market revenue of each company along with the market share.
The companies mentioned in the report are:
LOreal
Estee Lauder
Shiseido
P&G
Unilever
Avon
Johnson & Johnson
AmorePacific
LVMH
Kose
Mentholatum
Mary Kay
Leaders Clinic
MAGIC
Note: We can also add companies which are not part of the above list
Global Facial & Body Care Market Analysis By Type
Facial Cleanser
Facial Moisturizer
Body Wash
Shower Gel
In the year 2020, Facial Cleanser segment had XX% of market share and in terms of value, the Facial Cleanser market was valued at USD XX Million. , It is expected that Facial Cleanser will have XX% of market share by the end of year 2027 and the incremental growth from 2021 till 2027 is expected to be USD XX Million.
Global Facial & Body Care Market Analysis By Application
men
women
men segment is expected to account for XX% of market share by the end of year 2027 from XX% in 2020. The men is expected to grow at USD XX million by the end of year 2027.
The major regions covered in the report are North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa, etc. The following regions has been further bifurcated into countries to provide an insightful analysis for the readers.
Global Facial & Body Care market: regional analysis, the major regions covered in the report are:
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
UK
Italy
Russia
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Australia
Indonesia
Thailand
Malaysia
Philippines
Vietnam
Central & South America
Brazil
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
GCC Countries
Egypt
South Africa
Report Includes:
- 118 Pages and Over 125 Tables and Figures
- An overview of the global Facial & Body Care market ,
- Estimation of the market size and analyses of global market trends, with data from 2019, 2020, and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2027
- Highlights of the new technological developments and discussion on for Facial & Body Care Market
- Identification of market drivers, restraints and other forces impacting the global market and description of regulatory and environmental developments
- Comprehensive profiles of major organizations and contractors
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
1 Industry Overview of Facial & Body Care
1.1 Definition of Facial & Body Care
1.2 Facial & Body Care Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2016-2027)
1.2.2 Facial Cleanser
1.2.3 Facial Moisturizer
1.2.4 Body Wash
1.2.5 Shower Gel
1.3 Facial & Body Care Segment by Applications
1.3.1 Global Facial & Body Care Consumption Comparison by Applications (2016-2027)
1.3.2 men
1.3.3 women
1.4 Global Facial & Body Care Overall Market
1.4.1 Global Facial & Body Care Revenue (2016-2027)
1.4.2 Global Facial & Body Care Production (2016-2027)
1.4.3 North America Facial & Body Care Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.4 Europe Facial & Body Care Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.5 China Facial & Body Care Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.6 Japan Facial & Body Care Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.7 Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.8 India Facial & Body Care Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Facial & Body Care
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Facial & Body Care
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Facial & Body Care
3 Development and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Facial & Body Care
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date
3.2 Global Facial & Body Care Manufacturing Plants Distribution
3.3 Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position of Facial & Body Care
3.4 Recent Development and Expansion Plans
4 Key Figures of Major Manufacturers
4.1 Facial & Body Care Production and Capacity Analysis
4.2 Facial & Body Care Revenue Analysis
4.3 Facial & Body Care Price Analysis
4.4 Market Concentration Degree
5 Facial & Body Care Regional Market Analysis
5.1 Facial & Body Care Production by Regions
5.1.1 Global Facial & Body Care Production by Regions
5.1.2 Global Facial & Body Care Revenue by Regions
5.2 Facial & Body Care Consumption by Regions
5.3 North America Facial & Body Care Market Analysis
5.3.1 North America Facial & Body Care Production
5.3.2 North America Facial & Body Care Revenue
5.3.3 Key Manufacturers in North America
5.3.4 North America Facial & Body Care Import and Export
5.4 Europe Facial & Body Care Market Analysis
5.4.1 Europe Facial & Body Care Production
5.4.2 Europe Facial & Body Care Revenue
5.4.3 Key Manufacturers in Europe
5.4.4 Europe Facial & Body Care Import and Export
5.5 China Facial & Body Care Market Analysis
5.5.1 China Facial & Body Care Production
5.5.2 China Facial & Body Care Revenue
5.5.3 Key Manufacturers in China
5.5.4 China Facial & Body Care Import and Export
5.6 Japan Facial & Body Care Market Analysis
5.6.1 Japan Facial & Body Care Production
5.6.2 Japan Facial & Body Care Revenue
5.6.3 Key Manufacturers in Japan
5.6.4 Japan Facial & Body Care Import and Export
5.7 Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Market Analysis
5.7.1 Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Production
5.7.2 Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Revenue
5.7.3 Key Manufacturers in Southeast Asia
5.7.4 Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Import and Export
5.8 India Facial & Body Care Market Analysis
5.8.1 India Facial & Body Care Production
5.8.2 India Facial & Body Care Revenue
5.8.3 Key Manufacturers in India
5.8.4 India Facial & Body Care Import and Export
6 Facial & Body Care Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 Global Facial & Body Care Production by Type
6.2 Global Facial & Body Care Revenue by Type
6.3 Facial & Body Care Price by Type
7 Facial & Body Care Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 Global Facial & Body Care Consumption by Application
7.2 Global Facial & Body Care Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2020)
8 Facial & Body Care Major Manufacturers Analysis
8.1 LOreal
8.1.1 LOreal Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.1.2 LOreal Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.1.3 LOreal Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.1.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.2 Estee Lauder
8.2.1 Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.2.2 Estee Lauder Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.2.3 Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.2.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.3 Shiseido
8.3.1 Shiseido Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.3.2 Shiseido Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.3.3 Shiseido Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.3.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.4 P&G
8.4.1 P&G Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.4.2 P&G Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.4.3 P&G Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.4.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.5 Unilever
8.5.1 Unilever Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.5.2 Unilever Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.5.3 Unilever Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.5.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.6 Avon
8.6.1 Avon Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.6.2 Avon Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.6.3 Avon Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.6.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.7 Johnson & Johnson
8.7.1 Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.7.2 Johnson & Johnson Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.7.3 Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.7.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.8 AmorePacific
8.8.1 AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.8.2 AmorePacific Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.8.3 AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.8.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.9 LVMH
8.9.1 LVMH Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.9.2 LVMH Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.9.3 LVMH Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.9.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.10 Kose
8.10.1 Kose Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
8.10.2 Kose Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.10.3 Kose Facial & Body Care Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.10.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.11 Mentholatum
8.12 Mary Kay
8.13 Leaders Clinic
8.14 MAGIC
9 Development Trend of Analysis of Facial & Body Care Market
9.1 Global Facial & Body Care Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 Global Facial & Body Care Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 2021-2027
9.2 Facial & Body Care Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 North America Facial & Body Care Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.2 Europe Facial & Body Care Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.3 China Facial & Body Care Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.4 Japan Facial & Body Care Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.5 Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.6 India Facial & Body Care Forecast 2021-2027
9.3 Facial & Body Care Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 Facial & Body Care Market Trend (Application)
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.3 Facial & Body Care Customers
11 Market Dynamics
11.1 Market Trends
11.2 Opportunities
11.3 Market Drivers
11.4 Challenges
11.5 Influence Factors
12 Conclusion
13 Appendix
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables and Figures
List of Tables and Figures
Figure Picture of Facial & Body Care
Table Global Facial & Body Care Production (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2016-2027)
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Production Market Share by Types in 2020
Figure Facial Cleanser Product Picture
Figure Facial Moisturizer Product Picture
Figure Body Wash Product Picture
Figure Shower Gel Product Picture
Table Global Facial & Body Care Consumption (K Units) Comparison by Applications (2016-2027)
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Consumption Market Share by Applications in 2020
Figure men
Figure women
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Revenue (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Production (K Units) (2016-2027)
Figure North America Facial & Body Care Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure Europe Facial & Body Care Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure China Facial & Body Care Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure Japan Facial & Body Care Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure India Facial & Body Care Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Table Facial & Body Care Raw Material and Suppliers
Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Facial & Body Care in 2020
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Facial & Body Care
Figure Industry Chain Structure of Facial & Body Care
Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Key Manufacturers
Table Global Facial & Body Care Manufacturing Plants Distribution
Table Facial & Body Care Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position
Table Recent Development and Expansion Plans in Future
Table Facial & Body Care Capacity (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Table Facial & Body Care Production (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Table Facial & Body Care Production Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Figure Facial & Body Care Production Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Table Facial & Body Care Revenue (Million US$) of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Table Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Figure Facial & Body Care Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Table Facial & Body Care Average Price (USD/Unit) of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Table Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table Global Facial & Body Care Production by Regions 2016-2020 (K Units)
Table Global Facial & Body Care Production Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Production Market Share by Regions in 2020
Table Global Facial & Body Care Revenue by Regions 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Global Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2020
Table Global Facial & Body Care Consumption by Regions 2016-2020 (K Units)
Table Global Facial & Body Care Consumption Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure North America Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure North America Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table North America Facial & Body Care Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Europe Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Europe Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Europe Facial & Body Care Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure China Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure China Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table China Facial & Body Care Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Japan Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Japan Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Japan Facial & Body Care Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure India Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure India Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table India Facial & Body Care Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Global Consumption Facial & Body Care Market Share by Application (2016-2020)
Figure Global Value (Consumption) Facial & Body Care Market Share by Application (2016-2020)
Table LOreal Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table LOreal Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table LOreal Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table LOreal Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table LOreal Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure LOreal Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table LOreal Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Estee Lauder Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table Shiseido Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table Shiseido Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Shiseido Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Shiseido Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Shiseido Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Shiseido Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Shiseido Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table P&G Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table P&G Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table P&G Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table P&G Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table P&G Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure P&G Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table P&G Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table Unilever Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table Unilever Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Unilever Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Unilever Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Unilever Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Unilever Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Unilever Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table Avon Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table Avon Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Avon Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Avon Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Avon Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Avon Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Avon Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Johnson & Johnson Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table AmorePacific Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table LVMH Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table LVMH Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table LVMH Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table LVMH Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table LVMH Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure LVMH Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table LVMH Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table Kose Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table Kose Facial & Body Care Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Kose Facial & Body Care Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Kose Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Kose Facial & Body Care Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Kose Facial & Body Care Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Kose Facial & Body Care Main Business and Markets Served
Table Mentholatum Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table Mary Kay Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table Leaders Clinic Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Table MAGIC Facial & Body Care Production Sites and Area Served
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Revenue (Million USD) Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027
Figure Global Facial & Body Care Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast 2021-2027
Figure North America Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure North America Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Europe Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure China Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure China Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Japan Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure India Facial & Body Care Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure India Facial & Body Care Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Table Global Production (K Units) of Facial & Body Care by Type (2021-2027)
Table Global Consumption (K Units) of Facial & Body Care by Application (2021-2027)
Table Facial & Body Care Distributors List
Table Facial & Body Care Customers List
Table Market Key Trends
Table Key Opportunities
Table Market Key Drivers
Table Key Challenges
Table Key Influence Factors
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources