The latest study on Conduit Benders Market by Read Market Research provides a detailed summary and overview of the global market. The base year considered in this report is considered 2020 whereas information for 2021 is estimated and forecast from 2022 till 2027. The CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) period of this report is 2021-2027. The Global Conduit Benders Market is valued at USD XX Million in the year 2020 and is estimated to grow at USD XX Million by the end of year 2027.The report will shed light on very important growth aspect of Conduit Benders and is a must have data for all the companies, investors, decision makers, top level executives and readers.
The segmental analysis of the report provides detailed analysis on Revenue, Growth, Forecast By Region, Type and Applications for the period 2016-2027.
The major vendors covered:
Milwaukee
Klein Tools
Greenlee
Southwire
Gardener Bender
Ridgid
Ideal
Conduit Benders Market Analysis By Type Segment:
Iron Conduit Benders
Aluminum Conduit Benders
Others
Conduit Benders Market Analysis By Application Segment:
Residential Use
Commercial Use
Industrial Use
Conduit Benders Market Analysis By Regions (Countries):
The Conduit Benders Market has been thoroughly researched with the help of Primary and Secondary Research and has been validated by conduction interviews with industry experts across all the regions. As it is global study, we have included all the major regions.
Bottom Up approach has been used to derive and define the market size and shares of regions. Regions such as U.S., Canada, Germany, France, U.K., Italy, Russia, China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam, Mexico, Brazil, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, etc. has been taken into consideration while deriving the market size and shares of regions.
Key Details of Regions and Countries of Conduit Benders Report:
United States
China
European Union
Rest of World (Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia)
Key data provided:
Market Size of Regions
Market Share of Regions
Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
Historic Data From 2016-2020
Forecast Data From 2021-2027
Competitive Landscape of Conduit Benders Market:
Conduit Benders market competitive landscape analysis sheds light on the current market structure by players. The report will help the readers to understand some most important questions of the global market.
Key Questions Answered in Competitive Landscape-
List of Key Players
Revenue By players
Market share of players
Product Offerings
The study objectives are:
To analyze and research the Conduit Benders Market status and future forecast.
To present the key Conduit Benders Market analysis of companies and present revenue, market share, and recent development for key players.
To split the breakdown data by regions, type, companies and applications
To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints and risks.
To identify significant trends, drivers, influence factors in global and regions
To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market
Table of Contents
1 Report Overview
1.1 Research Scope
1.2 Major Manufacturers Covered in This Report
1.3 Market Segment by Type
1.3.1 Global Conduit Benders Market Size Growth Rate by Type (2016-2027)
1.3.2 Iron Conduit Benders
1.3.3 Aluminum Conduit Benders
1.3.4 Others
1.4 Market Segment by Application
1.4.1 Global Conduit Benders Market Share by Application (2021-2027)
1.4.2 Residential Use
1.4.3 Commercial Use
1.4.4 Industrial Use
1.5 Study Objectives
1.6 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
2.1 Production and Capacity Analysis
2.1.1 Global Conduit Benders Production Value 2016-2027
2.1.2 Global Conduit Benders Production 2016-2027
2.1.3 Global Conduit Benders Capacity 2016-2027
2.1.4 Global Conduit Benders Marketing Pricing and Trends
2.2 Key Producers Growth Rate (CAGR) 2021-2027
2.2.1 Global Conduit Benders Market Size CAGR of Key Regions
2.2.2 Global Conduit Benders Market Share of Key Regions
2.3 Industry Trends
2.3.1 Market Top Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
3 Market Share by Manufacturers
3.1 Capacity and Production by Manufacturers
3.1.1 Global Conduit Benders Capacity by Manufacturers
3.1.2 Global Conduit Benders Production by Manufacturers
3.2 Revenue by Manufacturers
3.2.1 Conduit Benders Revenue by Manufacturers (2020)
3.2.2 Conduit Benders Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2020)
3.2.3 Global Conduit Benders Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.3 Conduit Benders Price by Manufacturers
3.4 Key Manufacturers Conduit Benders Plants/Factories Distribution and Area Served
3.5 Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Conduit Benders Market
3.6 Key Manufacturers Conduit Benders Product Offered
3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Market Size by Type
4.1 Production and Production Value for Each Type
4.1.1 Iron Conduit Benders Production and Production Value (2016-2020)
4.1.2 Aluminum Conduit Benders Production and Production Value (2016-2020)
4.1.3 Others Production and Production Value (2016-2020)
4.2 Global Conduit Benders Production Market Share by Type
4.3 Global Conduit Benders Production Value Market Share by Type
4.4 Conduit Benders Ex-factory Price by Type
5 Market Size by Application
5.1 Overview
5.2 Global Conduit Benders Consumption by Application
6 Production by Regions
6.1 Global Conduit Benders Production (History Data) by Regions 2016-2020
6.2 Global Conduit Benders Production Value (History Data) by Regions
6.3 United States
6.3.1 United States Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020
6.3.2 United States Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020
6.3.3 Key Players in United States
6.3.4 United States Conduit Benders Import & Export
6.4 European Union
6.4.1 European Union Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020
6.4.2 European Union Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020
6.4.3 Key Players in European Union
6.4.4 European Union Conduit Benders Import & Export
6.5 China
6.5.1 China Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020
6.5.2 China Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020
6.5.3 Key Players in China
6.5.4 China Conduit Benders Import & Export
6.6 Rest of World
6.6.1 Japan
6.6.2 Korea
6.6.3 India
6.6.4 Southeast Asia
7 Conduit Benders Consumption by Regions
7.1 Global Conduit Benders Consumption (History Data) by Regions
7.2 United States
7.2.1 United States Conduit Benders Consumption by Type
7.2.2 United States Conduit Benders Consumption by Application
7.3 European Union
7.3.1 European Union Conduit Benders Consumption by Type
7.3.2 European Union Conduit Benders Consumption by Application
7.4 China
7.4.1 China Conduit Benders Consumption by Type
7.4.2 China Conduit Benders Consumption by Application
7.5 Rest of World
7.5.1 Rest of World Conduit Benders Consumption by Type
7.5.2 Rest of World Conduit Benders Consumption by Application
7.5.1 Japan
7.5.2 Korea
7.5.3 India
7.5.4 Southeast Asia
8 Company Profiles
8.1 Milwaukee
8.1.1 Milwaukee Company Details
8.1.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.1.3 Production and Revenue of Conduit Benders
8.1.4 Conduit Benders Product Introduction
8.1.5 Milwaukee Recent Development
8.2 Klein Tools
8.2.1 Klein Tools Company Details
8.2.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.2.3 Production and Revenue of Conduit Benders
8.2.4 Conduit Benders Product Introduction
8.2.5 Klein Tools Recent Development
8.3 Greenlee
8.3.1 Greenlee Company Details
8.3.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.3.3 Production and Revenue of Conduit Benders
8.3.4 Conduit Benders Product Introduction
8.3.5 Greenlee Recent Development
8.4 Southwire
8.4.1 Southwire Company Details
8.4.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.4.3 Production and Revenue of Conduit Benders
8.4.4 Conduit Benders Product Introduction
8.4.5 Southwire Recent Development
8.5 Gardener Bender
8.5.1 Gardener Bender Company Details
8.5.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.5.3 Production and Revenue of Conduit Benders
8.5.4 Conduit Benders Product Introduction
8.5.5 Gardener Bender Recent Development
8.6 Ridgid
8.6.1 Ridgid Company Details
8.6.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.6.3 Production and Revenue of Conduit Benders
8.6.4 Conduit Benders Product Introduction
8.6.5 Ridgid Recent Development
8.7 Ideal
8.7.1 Ideal Company Details
8.7.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.7.3 Production and Revenue of Conduit Benders
8.7.4 Conduit Benders Product Introduction
8.7.5 Ideal Recent Development
9 Market Forecast
9.1 Global Market Size Forecast
9.1.1 Global Conduit Benders Capacity, Production Forecast 2021-2027
9.1.2 Global Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast 2021-2027
9.2 Market Forecast by Regions
9.2.1 Global Conduit Benders Production and Value Forecast by Regions 2021-2027
9.2.2 Global Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast by Regions 2021-2027
9.3 United States
9.3.1 Production and Value Forecast in United States
9.3.2 Consumption Forecast in United States
9.4 European Union
9.4.1 Production and Value Forecast in European Union
9.4.2 Consumption Forecast in European Union
9.5 China
9.5.1 Production and Value Forecast in China
9.5.2 Consumption Forecast in China
9.6 Rest of World
9.6.1 Japan
9.6.2 Korea
9.6.3 India
9.6.4 Southeast Asia
9.7 Forecast by Type
9.7.1 Global Conduit Benders Production Forecast by Type
9.7.2 Global Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast by Type
9.8 Consumption Forecast by Application
10 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
10.1 Value Chain Analysis
10.2 Sales Channels Analysis
10.2.1 Conduit Benders Sales Channels
10.2.2 Conduit Benders Distributors
10.3 Conduit Benders Customers
11 Opportunities & Challenges, Threat and Affecting Factors
11.1 Market Opportunities
11.2 Market Challenges
11.3 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
12 Key Findings
13 Appendix
13.1 Research Methodology
13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.1.2 Data Source
13.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.1.2.2 Primary Sources
13.2 Author Details
13.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables and Figures
List of Tables and Figures
Figure Conduit Benders Product Picture
Table Conduit Benders Key Market Segments
Table Major Manufacturers Conduit Benders Covered in This Report
Table Global Conduit Benders Market Size Growth Rate by Type 2021-2027 (K Units) & (Million US$)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Sales Market Shar by Type 2016-2027
Figure Iron Conduit Benders Figures
Table Major Manufacturers of Iron Conduit Benders
Figure Aluminum Conduit Benders Figures
Table Major Manufacturers of Aluminum Conduit Benders
Figure Others Figures
Table Major Manufacturers of Others
Table Global Conduit Benders Market Share by Application 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Residential Use Use Case
Figure Commercial Use Use Case
Figure Industrial Use Use Case
Figure Conduit Benders Report Years Considered
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2027 (Million US$)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production 2016-2027 (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Capacity 2016-2027 (K Units)
Table Key Manufacturers Conduit Benders Capacity (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Price 2016-2027 (USD/Unit)
Table Global Conduit Benders Market Size of Key Regions (Million USD) & (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Growth Rate of Key Regions 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Table Global Conduit Benders Market Share for of Regions 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table Market Top Trends
Table Global Conduit Benders Capacity by Manufacturers (2020) (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2020)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production by Manufacturers (2020) (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Share by Manufacturers (2020)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Table Conduit Benders Revenue by Manufacturers (2020) (Million USD)
Table Conduit Benders Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2020)
Figure Conduit Benders Value Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Table Global Conduit Benders Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table Conduit Benders Price by Manufacturers 2020 (USD/Unit)
Table Key Manufacturers Conduit Benders Plants/Factories Distribution
Table Key Manufacturers Conduit Benders Area Served
Table Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Conduit Benders Market
Table Key Manufacturers Conduit Benders Product Type
Table Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table Global Iron Conduit Benders Production and Production Value (2016-2020) (K Units) & (Million US$)
Table Global Aluminum Conduit Benders Production and Production Value (2016-2020) (K Units) & (Million US$)
Table Global Others Production and Production Value (2016-2020) (K Units) & (Million US$)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production by Type (2016-2020) (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Share by Type (2016-2020)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Market Share by Type (2016-2020)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Market Share by Type in 2020
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Value by Type (2016-2020) (Million US$)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Value Share by Type (2016-2020)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Value Market Share by Type (2016-2020)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Value Market Share by Type in 2020
Table Conduit Benders Ex-factory Price by Type 2016-2020 (USD/Unit)
Table Global Conduit Benders Consumption by Application (2016-2020) (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Consumption Share by Application (2016-2020)
Figure Global Consumption Conduit Benders Market Share by Application (2016-2020)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production by Regions 2016-2020 (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Market Share by Regions in 2020
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Value by Regions 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Value Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Value Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Value Market Share by Regions in 2020
Table United States Conduit Benders Production and Value 2016-2020 (K Units) & (Million USD)
Figure United States Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure United States Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table United States Conduit Benders Import & Export (K Units)
Table European Union Conduit Benders Production and Value 2016-2020 (K Units) & (Million USD)
Figure European Union Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure European Union Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table European Union Conduit Benders Import & Export (K Units)
Table China Conduit Benders Production and Value 2016-2020 (K Units) & (Million USD)
Figure China Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure China Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table China Conduit Benders Import & Export (K Units)
Figure Japan Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Japan Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Korea Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Korea Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Figure India Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure India Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Conduit Benders Production Value Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Global Conduit Benders Consumption by Regions 2016-2020 (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2020
Figure United States Conduit Benders Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2020) (K Units)
Table United States Conduit Benders Consumption by Type (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure United States Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Type in 2020
Table United States Conduit Benders Consumption by Application (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure United States Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure European Union Conduit Benders Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2020) (K Units)
Table European Union Conduit Benders Consumption by Type (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure European Union Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Type in 2020
Table European Union Conduit Benders Consumption by Application (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure European Union Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure China Conduit Benders Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2020) (K Units)
Table China Conduit Benders Consumption by Type (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure China Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Type in 2020
Table China Conduit Benders Consumption by Application (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure China Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure Rest of World Conduit Benders Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2020) (K Units)
Table Rest of World Conduit Benders Consumption by Type (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure Rest of World Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Type in 2020
Table Rest of World Conduit Benders Consumption by Application (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure Rest of World Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure Japan Conduit Benders Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure Korea Conduit Benders Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure India Conduit Benders Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2020) (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Conduit Benders Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2020) (K Units)
Table Milwaukee Company Details
Table Milwaukee Description and Business Overview
Table Milwaukee Conduit Benders Production (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020)
Table Milwaukee Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Milwaukee Conduit Benders Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Milwaukee Recent Development
Table Klein Tools Company Details
Table Klein Tools Description and Business Overview
Table Klein Tools Conduit Benders Production (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020)
Table Klein Tools Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Klein Tools Conduit Benders Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Klein Tools Recent Development
Table Greenlee Company Details
Table Greenlee Description and Business Overview
Table Greenlee Conduit Benders Production (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020)
Table Greenlee Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Greenlee Conduit Benders Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Greenlee Recent Development
Table Southwire Company Details
Table Southwire Description and Business Overview
Table Southwire Conduit Benders Production (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020)
Table Southwire Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Southwire Conduit Benders Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Southwire Recent Development
Table Gardener Bender Company Details
Table Gardener Bender Description and Business Overview
Table Gardener Bender Conduit Benders Production (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020)
Table Gardener Bender Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Gardener Bender Conduit Benders Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Gardener Bender Recent Development
Table Ridgid Company Details
Table Ridgid Description and Business Overview
Table Ridgid Conduit Benders Production (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020)
Table Ridgid Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Ridgid Conduit Benders Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Ridgid Recent Development
Table Ideal Company Details
Table Ideal Description and Business Overview
Table Ideal Conduit Benders Production (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020)
Table Ideal Conduit Benders Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Ideal Conduit Benders Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Ideal Recent Development
Table Global Conduit Benders Capacity, Production Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Capacity Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast 2021-2027 (Million US$)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast 2021-2027 (Million US$)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Forecast by Regions 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Market Share Forecast by Regions 2021-2027
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast by Regions 2021-2027 (Million US$)
Table Global Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast by Regions 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share Forecast by Regions 2021-2027
Table United States Conduit Benders Production and Production Value Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units) & (Million US$)
Figure United States Conduit Benders Production Growth Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table United States Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast 2021-2027 (Million US$)
Figure United States Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table European Union Conduit Benders Production and Production Value Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units) & (Million US$)
Figure European Union Conduit Benders Production Growth Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table European Union Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast 2021-2027 (Million US$)
Figure European Union Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table China Conduit Benders Production and Production Value Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units) & (Million US$)
Figure China Conduit Benders Production Growth Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table China Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast 2021-2027 (Million US$)
Figure China Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Japan Conduit Benders Production Growth Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Japan Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Korea Conduit Benders Production Growth Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Korea Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure India Conduit Benders Production Growth Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure India Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Conduit Benders Production Growth Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Forecast by Type 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Forecast by Type 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Market Share Forecast by Type 2021-2027
Table Global Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast by Type 2021-2027 (Million US$)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Value Forecast by Type 2021-2027 (Million US$)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Production Value Market Share Forecast by Type 2021-2027
Table Global Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast by Application 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Consumption Forecast by Application 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Global Conduit Benders Consumption Market Share Forecast by Application 2021-2027
Figure Conduit Benders Value Chain
Table Conduit Benders Distributors List
Table Conduit Benders Customers List
Table Porter's Five Forces Analysis
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources