2021-09-21
Published Date
Consumer Discretionary
Industry
105
Pages
Global Floor Pump Market Overview The global Floor Pump market is expected to reach USD XX Million by the end of year 2027 from USD XX Million from the year 2021. In the span of last two years, Floor Pump market has shown promising growth from both sides (Demand and Supply) and demand from end users is expected to rise continuously. It has also been observed that the Floor Pump market has registered XX% of growth rate during 2016-2021 and is estimated to register XX% of CAGR during the period 2021 to 2027. COVID 19 Impact on Floor Pump Market The COVID19 outbreak had a major impact on several industries on different levels; Some of these were border restrictions, transportation, and logistics restrictions, and worldwide bans. It also created economic uncertainty as the outbreak created a situation where both manufacturing and service industries were kept shut for very long period. Lack of availability of solution and the growing number of people infected with COVID and the uncertainty about the end of the crisis are much greater than with previous outbreaks. The pandemic has resulted in the closure of regions, border restrictions and the breakdown of transport networks. Segment Analysis of Floor Pump Market This study on Floor Pump market estimates and provides revenue growth at global, regional and country levels also, offers an overview of the latest developments in each of the sub-sectors from 2016 to 2027. For this analysis, READ Market Research has bifurcated the market of Floor Pump into Type Segment, Application Segment and Regional Segment. The companies mentioned in the report are: Lezyne Topeak Blackburn Bell Schwinn Intex Giant Giyo Silca Specialized Bike-Parts BioLogic Campagnolo DT Swiss Finish Line Genuine Innovations HurricaneInnovations Manitou Origin8 Park Tool Peak Planet Bike Prestacycle Raleigh Shimano GUB ZEFAL Note: We can also add companies which are not part of the above list One of the very important chapter of Floor Pump market report is competitive analysis. In this chapter, we have presented a detailed overview of the competition and have provided the market revenue of each company along with the market share. Global Floor Pump Market Analysis By Type Manual Electric Other In the year 2021, Manual segment had XX% of market share and in terms of value, the Manual market was valued at USD XX Million. It is expected that Manual will have XX% of market share by the end of year 2027 and the incremental growth from 2021 till 2027 is expected to be USD XX Million. Global Floor Pump Market Analysis By Application Bicycle Automotive Inflatables Other Bicycle segment is expected to account for XX% of market share by the end of year 2027 from XX% in 2021. The Bicycle segment is expected to grow at USD XX million by the end of year 2027. Regional Analysis Geographically, the global Floor Pump market has been categorized as North America, Europe, the Asia-Pacific, the Middle East & Africa, and South America. North America accounted Floor Pump market accounted for XX% of the market share in the year 2021 and register strong growth during the forecast period. However, the APAC area is experiencing significant growth due to various factors. Report Scope: Market Size: XX Million (Ask for Sample in order to view the details) CAGR: XX% Ask for Sample in order to view the details) Base Year: 2021 Forecast Period: 2022-2027 Forecast Units: Value (USD Million) Geographies Covered: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa, South America Frequently Asked Questions - FAQ: What will be the dynamics for the adoption of Floor Pump market based on Consumer Discretionary Industry Which product will contribute more to the overall market share by 2027 Which region is expected to adopt Floor Pump offerings at a fast rate What are the key market dynamics influencing Floor Pump market growth How will they turn into strengths or weaknesses of companies operating in the market space
1 Report Overview 1.1 Study Scope 1.2 Major Manufacturers Covered in This Report 1.3 Market Segment by Type 1.3.1 Global Floor Pump Market Size Growth Rate by Type (2022-2027) 1.3.2 Manual 1.3.3 Electric 1.3.4 Other 1.4 Market Segment by Application 1.4.1 Global Floor Pump Market Share by Application (2022-2027) 1.4.2 Bicycle 1.4.3 Automotive 1.4.4 Inflatables 1.4.5 Other 1.5 Study Objectives 1.6 Years Considered 2 Global Growth Trends 2.1 Global Floor Pump Market Size 2.1.1 Global Floor Pump Revenue 2016-2027 2.1.2 Global Floor Pump Sales 2016-2027 2.2 Floor Pump Growth Rate by Regions 2.2.1 Global Floor Pump Sales by Regions 2016-2021 2.2.2 Global Floor Pump Revenue by Regions 2016-2021 2.3 Industry Trends 2.3.1 Market Top Trends 2.3.2 Market Drivers 3 Market Share by Manufacturers 3.1 Floor Pump Sales by Manufacturers 3.1.1 Floor Pump Sales by Manufacturers 2016-2021 3.1.2 Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Manufacturers 2016-2021 3.2 Revenue by Manufacturers 3.2.1 Floor Pump Revenue by Manufacturers (2016-2021) 3.2.2 Floor Pump Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) 3.2.3 Global Floor Pump Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI) 3.3 Floor Pump Price by Manufacturers 3.4 Key Manufacturers Floor Pump Plants/Factories Distribution and Area Served 3.5 Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Floor Pump Market 3.6 Key Manufacturers Floor Pump Product Offered 3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans 4 Market Size by Type 4.1 Sales and Revenue for Each Type 4.1.1 Manual Sales and Revenue (2016-2021) 4.1.2 Electric Sales and Revenue (2016-2021) 4.1.3 Other Sales and Revenue (2016-2021) 4.2 Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Type 4.3 Global Floor Pump Revenue Market Share by Type 4.4 Floor Pump Price by Type 5 Market Size by Application 5.1 Overview 5.2 Global Floor Pump Sales by Application 6 United States 6.1 United States Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Company 6.2 United States Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Type 6.3 United States Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Application 7 European Union 7.1 European Union Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Company 7.2 European Union Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Type 7.3 European Union Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Application 8 China 8.1 China Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Company 8.2 China Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Type 8.3 China Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Application 9 Rest of World 9.1 Rest of World Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Company 9.2 Rest of World Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Type 9.3 Rest of World Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Application 9.4 Rest of World Floor Pump Breakdown Data by Countries 9.4.1 Rest of World Floor Pump Sales by Countries 9.4.2 Rest of World Floor Pump Revenue by Countries 9.4.3 Japan 9.4.4 Korea 9.4.5 India 9.4.6 Southeast Asia 10 Company Profiles 10.1 Lezyne 10.1.1 Lezyne Company Details 10.1.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.1.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.1.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.1.5 Lezyne Recent Development 10.2 Topeak 10.2.1 Topeak Company Details 10.2.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.2.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.2.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.2.5 Topeak Recent Development 10.3 Blackburn 10.3.1 Blackburn Company Details 10.3.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.3.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.3.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.3.5 Blackburn Recent Development 10.4 Bell 10.4.1 Bell Company Details 10.4.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.4.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.4.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.4.5 Bell Recent Development 10.5 Schwinn 10.5.1 Schwinn Company Details 10.5.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.5.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.5.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.5.5 Schwinn Recent Development 10.6 Intex 10.6.1 Intex Company Details 10.6.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.6.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.6.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.6.5 Intex Recent Development 10.7 Giant 10.7.1 Giant Company Details 10.7.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.7.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.7.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.7.5 Giant Recent Development 10.8 Giyo 10.8.1 Giyo Company Details 10.8.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.8.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.8.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.8.5 Giyo Recent Development 10.9 Silca 10.9.1 Silca Company Details 10.9.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.9.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.9.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.9.5 Silca Recent Development 10.10 Specialized 10.10.1 Specialized Company Details 10.10.2 Company Description and Business Overview 10.10.3 Sales, Revenue and Market Share of Floor Pump 10.10.4 Floor Pump Product Introduction 10.10.5 Specialized Recent Development 10.11 Bike-Parts 10.12 BioLogic 10.13 Campagnolo 10.14 DT Swiss 10.15 Finish Line 10.16 Genuine Innovations 10.17 HurricaneInnovations 10.18 Manitou 10.19 Origin8 10.20 Park Tool 10.21 Peak 10.22 Planet Bike 10.23 Prestacycle 10.24 Raleigh 10.25 Shimano 10.26 GUB 10.27 ZEFAL 11 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis 11.1 Value Chain Analysis 11.2 Sales Channels Analysis 11.2.1 Floor Pump Sales Channels 11.2.2 Floor Pump Distributors 11.3 Floor Pump Customers 12 Market Forecast 12.1 Global Floor Pump Sales and Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 12.2 Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Type 12.3 Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Application 12.4 Floor Pump Forecast by Regions 12.4.1 Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Regions 2022-2027 12.4.2 Global Floor Pump Revenue Forecast by Regions 2022-2027 12.5 United States Market Forecast 12.6 European Union Market Forecast 12.7 China Market Forecast 12.8 Rest of World 12.8.1 Japan 12.8.2 Korea 12.8.3 India 13 Research Findings and Conclusion 14 Appendix 14.1 Research Methodology 14.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach 14.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design 14.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation 14.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation 14.1.2 Data Source 14.1.2.1 Secondary Sources 14.1.2.2 Primary Sources 14.2 DisclaimerList of Tables and Figures
Figure Floor Pump Product Picture Table Floor Pump Key Market Segments Table Major Manufacturers Floor Pump Covered in This Report Table Global Floor Pump Market Size Growth Rate by Type 2022-2027 (K Units) & (Million US$) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Market Shar by Type 2016-2027 Figure Manual Figures Table Major Manufacturers of Manual Figure Electric Figures Table Major Manufacturers of Electric Figure Other Figures Table Major Manufacturers of Other Table Global Floor Pump Market Share by Application 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Bicycle Use Case Figure Automotive Use Case Figure Inflatables Use Case Figure Other Use Case Figure Floor Pump Report Years Considered Figure Global Floor Pump Market Size 2016-2027 (Million US$) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales 2016-2021 (K Units) Table Global Floor Pump Market Size by Regions 2016-2021 (K Units) & (Million US$) Table Global Floor Pump Sales by Regions 2016-2021 (K Units) Table Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Regions 2016-2021 Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Regions 2016-2021 Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Regions in 2021 Table Global Floor Pump Revenue by Regions 2016-2021 (Million US$) Table Global Floor Pump Revenue Market Share by Regions 2016-2021 Figure Global Floor Pump Revenue Market Share by Regions 2016-2021 Figure Global Floor Pump Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2021 Table Market Top Trends Table Global Floor Pump Sales by Manufacturers (2016-2021) (K Units) Table Global Floor Pump Sales Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2021 Table Floor Pump Revenue by Manufacturers (2016-2021) (Million USD) Table Floor Pump Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) Figure Floor Pump Value Share by Manufacturers in 2021 Table Global Floor Pump Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI) Table Key Manufacturers Floor Pump Price (2016-2021) (USD/Unit) Table Key Manufacturers Floor Pump Plants/Factories Distribution Table Key Manufacturers Floor Pump Area Served Table Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Floor Pump Market Table Key Manufacturers Floor Pump Product Type Table Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans Table Global Manual Sales and Revenue (2016-2021) (K Units) & (Million US$) Table Global Electric Sales and Revenue (2016-2021) (K Units) & (Million US$) Table Global Other Sales and Revenue (2016-2021) (K Units) & (Million US$) Table Global Floor Pump Sales by Type (2016-2021) (K Units) Table Global Floor Pump Sales Share by Type (2016-2021) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Type in 2021 Table Global Floor Pump Revenue by Type (2016-2021) (Million US$) Table Global Floor Pump Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021) Figure Global Floor Pump Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021) Figure Global Floor Pump Revenue Market Share by Type in 2021 Table Floor Pump Price by Type 2016-2021 (USD/Unit) Table Global Floor Pump Sales by Application (2016-2021) (K Units) Table Global Floor Pump Sales Share by Application (2016-2021) Figure Global Sales Floor Pump Market Share by Application (2016-2021) Figure Global Sales Floor Pump Market Share by Application (2016-2021) Figure United States Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate 2016-2021 (K Units) Figure United States Floor Pump Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2021 (Million US$) Table United States Floor Pump Sales by Company (2016-2021) (K Units) Table United States Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Company (2016-2021) Figure United States Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Company in 2021 Table United States Floor Pump Sales by Type (2016-2021) (K Units) Table United States Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021) Figure United States Floor Pump Market Share by Type in 2021 Table United States Floor Pump Sales by Application (2016-2021) (K Units) Table United States Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021) Figure United States Floor Pump Market Share by Application in 2021 Figure European Union Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate 2016-2021 (K Units) Figure European Union Floor Pump Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2021 (Million US$) Table European Union Floor Pump Sales by Company (2016-2021) (K Units) Table European Union Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Company (2016-2021) Figure European Union Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Company in 2021 Table European Union Floor Pump Sales by Type (2016-2021) (K Units) Table European Union Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021) Figure European Union Floor Pump Market Share by Type Table European Union Floor Pump Sales by Application (2016-2021) (K Units) Table European Union Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021) Figure European Union Floor Pump Market Share by Application Figure China Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate 2016-2021 (K Units) Figure China Floor Pump Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2021 (Million US$) Table China Floor Pump Sales by Company (2016-2021) (K Units) Table China Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Company (2016-2021) Figure China Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Company in 2021 Table China Floor Pump Sales by Type (2016-2021) (K Units) Table China Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021) Figure China Floor Pump Market Share by Type in 2021 Table China Floor Pump Sales by Application (2016-2021) (K Units) Table China Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021) Figure China Floor Pump Market Share by Application in 2021 Figure Rest of World Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate 2016-2021 (K Units) Figure Rest of World Floor Pump Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2021 (Million US$) Table Rest of World Floor Pump Sales by Company (2016-2021) (K Units) Table Rest of World Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Company (2016-2021) Figure Rest of World Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Company in 2021 Table Rest of World Floor Pump Sales by Type (2016-2021) (K Units) Table Rest of World Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021) Figure Rest of World Floor Pump Market Share by Type in 2021 Table Rest of World Floor Pump Sales by Application (2016-2021) (K Units) Table Rest of World Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021) Figure Rest of World Floor Pump Market Share by Application in 2021 Table Rest of World Floor Pump Sales by Countries (2016-2021) (K Units) Table Rest of World Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Countries (2016-2021) Figure Rest of World Floor Pump Sales Market Share by Countries in 2021 Table Rest of World Floor Pump Revenue by Countries (2016-2021) (Million US$) Table Rest of World Floor Pump Revenue Market Share by Countries (2016-2021) Figure Rest of World Floor Pump Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2021 Figure Japan Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) (K Units) Figure Japan Floor Pump Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (K Units) Figure Korea Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) (K Units) Figure Korea Floor Pump Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (K Units) Figure India Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) (K Units) Figure India Floor Pump Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (K Units) Figure Southeast Asia Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) (K Units) Figure Southeast Asia Floor Pump Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (K Units) Table Lezyne Company Details Table Lezyne Description and Business Overview Table Lezyne Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Lezyne Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Lezyne Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Lezyne Recent Development Table Topeak Company Details Table Topeak Description and Business Overview Table Topeak Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Topeak Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Topeak Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Topeak Recent Development Table Blackburn Company Details Table Blackburn Description and Business Overview Table Blackburn Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Blackburn Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Blackburn Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Blackburn Recent Development Table Bell Company Details Table Bell Description and Business Overview Table Bell Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Bell Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Bell Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Bell Recent Development Table Schwinn Company Details Table Schwinn Description and Business Overview Table Schwinn Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Schwinn Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Schwinn Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Schwinn Recent Development Table Intex Company Details Table Intex Description and Business Overview Table Intex Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Intex Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Intex Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Intex Recent Development Table Giant Company Details Table Giant Description and Business Overview Table Giant Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Giant Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Giant Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Giant Recent Development Table Giyo Company Details Table Giyo Description and Business Overview Table Giyo Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Giyo Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Giyo Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Giyo Recent Development Table Silca Company Details Table Silca Description and Business Overview Table Silca Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Silca Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Silca Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Silca Recent Development Table Specialized Company Details Table Specialized Description and Business Overview Table Specialized Floor Pump Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table Specialized Floor Pump Sales Growth Rate (2016-2021) Table Specialized Floor Pump Sales Market Share in Global Market Table Specialized Recent Development Table Bike-Parts Company Details Table BioLogic Company Details Table Campagnolo Company Details Table DT Swiss Company Details Table Finish Line Company Details Table Genuine Innovations Company Details Table HurricaneInnovations Company Details Table Manitou Company Details Table Origin8 Company Details Table Park Tool Company Details Table Peak Company Details Table Planet Bike Company Details Table Prestacycle Company Details Table Raleigh Company Details Table Shimano Company Details Table GUB Company Details Table ZEFAL Company Details Figure Floor Pump Value Chain Table Floor Pump Distributors List Table Floor Pump Customers List Table Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) & (Million US$) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 (Million US$) Table Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Type 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Type 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share Forecast by Type 2022-2027 Table Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Application 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Application 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share Forecast by Application 2022-2027 Table Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Regions 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Forecast by Regions 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Sales Market Share Forecast by Regions 2022-2027 Table Global Floor Pump Revenue Forecast by Regions 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Revenue Forecast by Regions 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Global Floor Pump Revenue Market Share Forecast by Regions 2022-2027 Figure United States Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure United States Floor Pump Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 (Million US$) Figure European Union Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure European Union Floor Pump Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 (Million US$) Figure China Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure China Floor Pump Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 (Million US$) Figure Japan Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Japan Floor Pump Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 (Million US$) Figure Korea Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Korea Floor Pump Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 (Million US$) Figure India Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure India Floor Pump Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 (Million US$) Figure Southeast Asia Floor Pump Sales Forecast 2022-2027 (K Units) Figure Southeast Asia Floor Pump Revenue Forecast 2022-2027 (Million US$) Table Research Programs/Design for This Report Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report Figure Data Triangulation Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources