2021-06-20
Published Date
Chemicals
Industry
114
Pages
The global Content Analytics market is growing with significant growth from last couple of years. In the year 2020, the market of Content Analytics was valued at USD XX Million and is expected to reach USD XXX million by the end of the year 2027. ,
The report is designed to offer very important and crucial information about the Content Analytics market and industry. For the purpose of this study, the market of Content Analytics has been segmented into type, application, regions and countries. Each segment of the report will provide a detailed analysis of the market in terms of quantitative and qualitative information, the report offers market revenue (USD Million), market share in %, market CAGR from 2021 to 2027.
The report provides a detailed qualitative analysis of the Content Analytics market which includes Market Drivers to explain the driving factors of the market and demand, Market Challenges to explain the restraints of the market and growth and Market Opportunities to explain the upcoming trends and opportunities left for the newcomers of the market and where can the existing companies focus in order to gain competitive advantage. The Content Analytics report also provides a detailed Porter's Five Forces, Micro and Macro Economic analysis which can help the readers and the users of the report to understand and draw a sound business decision.
The readers of the report will have a deep , insightful analysis that will help in understanding the market size, market share, CAGR, country specific analysis and market share for Content Analytics market.
Market Segmentation
One of the very important chapter of Content Analytics market report is competitive analysis. In this chapter, we have presented a detailed overview of the competition and have provided the market revenue of each company along with the market share.
The companies mentioned in the report are:
International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation
SAP SE
SAS Institute, Inc.
Oracle Corporation
Adobe Systems, Inc.
Clarabridge, Inc.
Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc.
Opentext Corporation
Verint Systems
Nice Systems Ltd.
Note: We can also add companies which are not part of the above list
Global Content Analytics Market Analysis By Type
On-Premises
Cloud/Hosted
In the year 2020, On-Premises segment had XX% of market share and in terms of value, the On-Premises market was valued at USD XX Million. , It is expected that On-Premises will have XX% of market share by the end of year 2027 and the incremental growth from 2021 till 2027 is expected to be USD XX Million.
Global Content Analytics Market Analysis By Application
Speech Analytics
Text Analytics
Web Analytics
Social Media Analytics
Others
Speech Analytics segment is expected to account for XX% of market share by the end of year 2027 from XX% in 2020. The Speech Analytics segment is expected to grow at USD XX million by the end of year 2027.
The major regions covered in the report are North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa, etc. The following regions has been further bifurcated into countries to provide an insightful analysis for the readers.
Global Content Analytics market: regional analysis, the major regions covered in the report are:
North America
Europe
China
Japan
Southeast Asia
India
The study objectives are:
To analyze and research the Content Analytics Market status and future forecast.
To present the key Content Analytics Market analysis of companies and present revenue, market share, and recent development for key players.
To split the breakdown data by regions, type, companies and applications.
To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints and risks.
To identify significant trends, drivers, influence factors in global and regions.
To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
Frequently Asked Questions - FAQ:
How big is the opportunity for the Content Analytics market
What are the recent industry development that can be implemented to generate additional revenue streams
Who are the major players operating in the Content Analytics market Which companies are the front runners
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
1 Industry Overview of Content Analytics
1.1 Definition of Content Analytics
1.2 Content Analytics Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Content Analytics Production Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2016-2027)
1.2.2 On-Premises
1.2.3 Cloud/Hosted
1.3 Content Analytics Segment by Applications
1.3.1 Global Content Analytics Consumption Comparison by Applications (2016-2027)
1.3.2 Speech Analytics
1.3.3 Text Analytics
1.3.4 Web Analytics
1.3.5 Social Media Analytics
1.3.6 Others
1.4 Global Content Analytics Overall Market
1.4.1 Global Content Analytics Revenue (2016-2027)
1.4.2 Global Content Analytics Production (2016-2027)
1.4.3 North America Content Analytics Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.4 Europe Content Analytics Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.5 China Content Analytics Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.6 Japan Content Analytics Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.7 Southeast Asia Content Analytics Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
1.4.8 India Content Analytics Status and Prospect (2016-2027)
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Content Analytics
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Content Analytics
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Content Analytics
3 Development and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Content Analytics
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date
3.2 Global Content Analytics Manufacturing Plants Distribution
3.3 Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position of Content Analytics
3.4 Recent Development and Expansion Plans
4 Key Figures of Major Manufacturers
4.1 Content Analytics Production and Capacity Analysis
4.2 Content Analytics Revenue Analysis
4.3 Content Analytics Price Analysis
4.4 Market Concentration Degree
5 Content Analytics Regional Market Analysis
5.1 Content Analytics Production by Regions
5.1.1 Global Content Analytics Production by Regions
5.1.2 Global Content Analytics Revenue by Regions
5.2 Content Analytics Consumption by Regions
5.3 North America Content Analytics Market Analysis
5.3.1 North America Content Analytics Production
5.3.2 North America Content Analytics Revenue
5.3.3 Key Manufacturers in North America
5.3.4 North America Content Analytics Import and Export
5.4 Europe Content Analytics Market Analysis
5.4.1 Europe Content Analytics Production
5.4.2 Europe Content Analytics Revenue
5.4.3 Key Manufacturers in Europe
5.4.4 Europe Content Analytics Import and Export
5.5 China Content Analytics Market Analysis
5.5.1 China Content Analytics Production
5.5.2 China Content Analytics Revenue
5.5.3 Key Manufacturers in China
5.5.4 China Content Analytics Import and Export
5.6 Japan Content Analytics Market Analysis
5.6.1 Japan Content Analytics Production
5.6.2 Japan Content Analytics Revenue
5.6.3 Key Manufacturers in Japan
5.6.4 Japan Content Analytics Import and Export
5.7 Southeast Asia Content Analytics Market Analysis
5.7.1 Southeast Asia Content Analytics Production
5.7.2 Southeast Asia Content Analytics Revenue
5.7.3 Key Manufacturers in Southeast Asia
5.7.4 Southeast Asia Content Analytics Import and Export
5.8 India Content Analytics Market Analysis
5.8.1 India Content Analytics Production
5.8.2 India Content Analytics Revenue
5.8.3 Key Manufacturers in India
5.8.4 India Content Analytics Import and Export
6 Content Analytics Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 Global Content Analytics Production by Type
6.2 Global Content Analytics Revenue by Type
6.3 Content Analytics Price by Type
7 Content Analytics Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 Global Content Analytics Consumption by Application
7.2 Global Content Analytics Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2020)
8 Content Analytics Major Manufacturers Analysis
8.1 International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation
8.1.1 International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.1.2 International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.1.3 International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.1.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.2 SAP SE
8.2.1 SAP SE Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.2.2 SAP SE Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.2.3 SAP SE Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.2.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.3 SAS Institute, Inc.
8.3.1 SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.3.2 SAS Institute, Inc. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.3.3 SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.3.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.4 Oracle Corporation
8.4.1 Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.4.2 Oracle Corporation Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.4.3 Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.4.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.5 Adobe Systems, Inc.
8.5.1 Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.5.2 Adobe Systems, Inc. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.5.3 Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.5.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.6 Clarabridge, Inc.
8.6.1 Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.6.2 Clarabridge, Inc. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.6.3 Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.6.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.7 Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc.
8.7.1 Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.7.2 Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.7.3 Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.7.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.8 Opentext Corporation
8.8.1 Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.8.2 Opentext Corporation Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.8.3 Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.8.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.9 Verint Systems
8.9.1 Verint Systems Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.9.2 Verint Systems Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.9.3 Verint Systems Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.9.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.10 Nice Systems Ltd.
8.10.1 Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
8.10.2 Nice Systems Ltd. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.10.3 Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
8.10.4 Main Business and Markets Served
9 Development Trend of Analysis of Content Analytics Market
9.1 Global Content Analytics Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 Global Content Analytics Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 2021-2027
9.2 Content Analytics Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 North America Content Analytics Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.2 Europe Content Analytics Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.3 China Content Analytics Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.4 Japan Content Analytics Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.5 Southeast Asia Content Analytics Forecast 2021-2027
9.2.6 India Content Analytics Forecast 2021-2027
9.3 Content Analytics Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 Content Analytics Market Trend (Application)
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.3 Content Analytics Customers
11 Market Dynamics
11.1 Market Trends
11.2 Opportunities
11.3 Market Drivers
11.4 Challenges
11.5 Influence Factors
12 Conclusion
13 Appendix
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables and Figures
List of Tables and Figures
Figure Picture of Content Analytics
Table Global Content Analytics Production (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2016-2027)
Figure Global Content Analytics Production Market Share by Types in 2020
Figure On-Premises Product Picture
Figure Cloud/Hosted Product Picture
Table Global Content Analytics Consumption (K Units) Comparison by Applications (2016-2027)
Figure Global Content Analytics Consumption Market Share by Applications in 2020
Figure Speech Analytics
Figure Text Analytics
Figure Web Analytics
Figure Social Media Analytics
Figure Others
Figure Global Content Analytics Revenue (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure Global Content Analytics Production (K Units) (2016-2027)
Figure North America Content Analytics Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure Europe Content Analytics Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure China Content Analytics Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure Japan Content Analytics Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure Southeast Asia Content Analytics Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Figure India Content Analytics Market Size (Million USD) (2016-2027)
Table Content Analytics Raw Material and Suppliers
Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Content Analytics in 2020
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Content Analytics
Figure Industry Chain Structure of Content Analytics
Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Key Manufacturers
Table Global Content Analytics Manufacturing Plants Distribution
Table Content Analytics Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position
Table Recent Development and Expansion Plans in Future
Table Content Analytics Capacity (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Table Content Analytics Production (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Table Content Analytics Production Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Figure Content Analytics Production Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Table Content Analytics Revenue (Million US$) of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Table Content Analytics Revenue Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Figure Content Analytics Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Table Content Analytics Average Price (USD/Unit) of Major Manufacturers (2016-2020)
Table Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table Global Content Analytics Production by Regions 2016-2020 (K Units)
Table Global Content Analytics Production Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Content Analytics Production Market Share by Regions in 2020
Table Global Content Analytics Revenue by Regions 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Global Content Analytics Revenue Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure Global Content Analytics Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2020
Table Global Content Analytics Consumption by Regions 2016-2020 (K Units)
Table Global Content Analytics Consumption Market Share by Regions 2016-2020
Figure North America Content Analytics Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure North America Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table North America Content Analytics Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Europe Content Analytics Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Europe Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Europe Content Analytics Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure China Content Analytics Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure China Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table China Content Analytics Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Japan Content Analytics Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Japan Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Japan Content Analytics Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Content Analytics Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table Southeast Asia Content Analytics Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure India Content Analytics Production Growth Rate 2016-2020 (K Units)
Figure India Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2020 (Million USD)
Table India Content Analytics Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Global Consumption Content Analytics Market Share by Application (2016-2020)
Figure Global Value (Consumption) Content Analytics Market Share by Application (2016-2020)
Table International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table SAP SE Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table SAP SE Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table SAP SE Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table SAP SE Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table SAP SE Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure SAP SE Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table SAP SE Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table SAS Institute, Inc. Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Oracle Corporation Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Adobe Systems, Inc. Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Clarabridge, Inc. Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Interactive Intelligence Group, Inc. Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Opentext Corporation Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table Verint Systems Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table Verint Systems Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Verint Systems Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Verint Systems Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Verint Systems Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Verint Systems Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Verint Systems Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Table Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Production Sites and Area Served
Table Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2020)
Table Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Production Growth Rate (2016-2020)
Table Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Production Market Share (2016-2020)
Figure Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Revenue Market Share (2016-2020)
Table Nice Systems Ltd. Content Analytics Main Business and Markets Served
Figure Global Content Analytics Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027
Figure Global Content Analytics Revenue (Million USD) Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027
Figure Global Content Analytics Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast 2021-2027
Figure North America Content Analytics Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure North America Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Content Analytics Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Europe Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure China Content Analytics Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure China Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Content Analytics Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Japan Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Content Analytics Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Figure India Content Analytics Production Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (K Units)
Figure India Content Analytics Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2021-2027 (Million USD)
Table Global Production (K Units) of Content Analytics by Type (2021-2027)
Table Global Consumption (K Units) of Content Analytics by Application (2021-2027)
Table Content Analytics Distributors List
Table Content Analytics Customers List
Table Market Key Trends
Table Key Opportunities
Table Market Key Drivers
Table Key Challenges
Table Key Influence Factors
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources